• Bupivacaine is one of the local

  2022-05-30

  

  Bupivacaine is one of the local anesthetics commonly used in spinal anesthesia. Previous studies had shown that bupivacaine induced neuronal apoptosis and axon degeneration among various neuronal populations in spinal cord, such as sciatic nerves and dorsal root Alsterpaullone (DRG) neurons [5], [6

• br The glycine transporter GlyT was originally identified as

  2022-05-30

  

  The glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) was originally identified as a member of the solute carrier family 6 of sodium- and chloride-dependent neurotransmitter transporters . GlyT1 is expressed in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues; mainly in erythroid cells, from erythroblasts in the

• Up to now many UDG assays have been

  2022-05-30

  

  Up to now, many UDG assays have been reported based on the design of dU-containing substrate DNA, which can be roughly divided into two categories according to the sensing mechanisms. One type of UDG assays are simply based on the physical or chemical property changes of the substrate accompanied wi

• An alternative to the chemoenzymatic preparation of

  2022-05-30

  

  An alternative to the chemoenzymatic preparation of glycoproteins is the production through total chemical synthesis or semi-synthesis [2,3,]. Many successful glycoprotein syntheses are based on native chemical ligation (NCL) [11], a reaction where unprotected peptides and glycopeptides of any lengt

• Results indicated that superfusion of orexin alone glutamate

  2022-05-30

  

  Results indicated that superfusion of orexin alone, glutamate alone or orexin-glutamate co-administration significantly increases the spontaneous discharge rate of LC neurons in both morphine dependent and non-dependent rats (Fig. 2, Fig. 3). However, co-application of orexin and glutamate resulted

• Free fatty acid receptor FFAR

  2022-05-30

  

  Free fatty 66 4 receptor 1 (FFAR1, also known as GPR40) belongs to the family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and was de-orphanized in 2003 as a receptor for medium-to long-chain free fatty acids (FFAs) [9,10]. Mainly expressed in beta cells of pancreatic islets, GPR40 can be activated by the

• brincidofovir receptor br Methods br Results br

  2022-05-30

  

  Methods Results Discussion Significant alterations in the expression of genes related to the glutamatergic system have been shown in several experimental models of epilepsy; however, in most studies focused on acute changes or modifications in expression, these were investigated during the

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We would like to thank

  2022-05-27

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We would like to thank V. Gladyshev (Harvard), H. Kornblum (UCLA), L. Greene (Columbia), and J. Baraban (Johns Hopkins) for constructive comments to the project and manuscript. We thank L. Gross and A. Kumar for assistance with editing. We thank L.M. Gerber and Z.

• One may ask whether induced loss through chemical or

  2022-05-27

  

  One may ask whether induced loss, through chemical or genetic perturbation for example, of an essential cellular factor represents regulated cell death or simple loss of the homeostasis needed for life. For example, deletion of the Mdm2 gene, or inhibition of the MDM2 protein, results in cell death

• Fas ligand FasL the natural ligand of Fas

  2022-05-27

  

  Fas ligand (FasL), the natural ligand of Fas, can interact with Fas and thus induce cell apoptosis through the cascade of death signal in various cell types [8]. Additionally, Fas, which is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily and death receptor family, is one kind of tra

• rac1 inhibitor To evaluate the role of increased

  2022-05-27

  

  To evaluate the role of increased FPPS expression in paclitaxel-treated cells, we investigated the effects of FPPS on rac1 inhibitor progression. DNA content analysis showed that the number of cells accumulating in the G/M phase increased in a dose-dependent manner in paclitaxel-treated cells (A and

• Next we were interested in replacing the ketobenzimidazole

  2022-05-27

  

  Next, we were interested in replacing the ketobenzimidazole fragment of our inhibitors with a noncarbonyl bearing heterocycle. We reasoned that if we could replace the carbonyl while maintaining comparable FAAH inhibition, it would provide evidence for a noncovalent mechanism of action. Thus, we eva

• This study appears to provide an additional

  2022-05-27

  

  This study appears to provide an additional example, albeit an unanticipated one, of the importance of renal ETB receptor function in the normal control of blood pressure and salt and water homeostasis. ETB receptor-deficient rats, collecting duct-specific ETB receptor knockout mice, and rats chroni

• br Discussion The aim of the

  2022-05-27

  

  Discussion The aim of the present study was to extend the list of ASIC ligands and to check if histamine receptors ligands can also affect ASICs. The novel finding is that not only histamine but also thioperamide, 1-metylhistamine and Nα-methylhistamine are active ASIC1a potentiators, while other

• Although histamine can induce both proliferation and differe

  2022-05-27

  

  Although histamine can induce both proliferation and differentiation in vitro (Molina-Hernandez and Velasco, 2008), the promotion of neurogenesis conferred by H3R antagonism here does not seem to be caused by either the proliferation or the reduction of apoptosis of NSCs (Figure S3). Furthermore, H3

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